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國(guó)創(chuàng)限幅放大器與對(duì)數(shù)放大器的區(qū)別

  限幅放大器的功能就是接受一個(gè)寬功率動(dòng)態(tài)范圍的信號(hào)然后輸出一個(gè)窄功率范圍的信號(hào),這樣的放大器經(jīng)常應(yīng)用于EM和接收前端。限幅放大器固有的特性會(huì)使其產(chǎn)生高次諧波,從而在EM和接收前端引起誤碼,除了系統(tǒng)應(yīng)具有濾波或誤碼識(shí)別功能外,限幅放大器也必須盡可能地降低高次諧波。

  對(duì)數(shù)放大器的輸出信號(hào)幅度與輸入信號(hào)幅度呈對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)關(guān)系。實(shí)際的對(duì)數(shù)放大器總是兼具線性和對(duì)數(shù)放大功能。輸入信號(hào)弱時(shí),它是一個(gè)線性放大器,增益較大;輸入信號(hào)強(qiáng)時(shí),它變成對(duì)數(shù)放大器,增益隨輸入信號(hào)的增加而減小。在雷達(dá)、通信和遙測(cè)等系統(tǒng)中,接收機(jī)輸入信號(hào)的動(dòng)態(tài)范圍通常很寬,信號(hào)幅度常會(huì)在很短時(shí)間間隔內(nèi)從幾微伏變化到幾伏,但輸出信號(hào)應(yīng)保持在幾十毫伏到幾伏范圍內(nèi)。采用對(duì)數(shù)放大器可以滿足這種要求,它能使弱信號(hào)得到高增益放大,對(duì)于強(qiáng)信號(hào)則自動(dòng)降低增益,避免飽和。

  如天波超視距雷達(dá),可能斜測(cè)信號(hào)很弱,而收到垂測(cè)回波則很強(qiáng),這個(gè)時(shí)候最好是用真對(duì)數(shù)放大器。

  動(dòng)態(tài)范圍的提高采用對(duì)數(shù)放大器是一個(gè)很好的方法,在接收機(jī)系統(tǒng)的中頻增益電路中引入對(duì)數(shù)放大器是對(duì)整機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)范圍的一個(gè)很好的提升,對(duì)數(shù)放大器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)前面得到了很好的闡述,補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn),對(duì)于限幅器來(lái)說(shuō),它只能抑制大信號(hào),限幅器有個(gè)很明顯的缺點(diǎn),就是限幅會(huì)導(dǎo)致高頻和諧波分量的出現(xiàn),會(huì)影響到精確測(cè)頻。而且限幅器一般不具備放大功能,對(duì)小信號(hào)起不到放大的作用,因此動(dòng)態(tài)范圍的提升就受到了很大的限制,效果并不是很好。在雷達(dá)中,個(gè)人感覺(jué)限幅器主要是用來(lái)起到抗大信號(hào),保護(hù)接收機(jī)的作用,主要應(yīng)用在接收前端,對(duì)于中頻處理部分,為了提升大動(dòng)態(tài),一般都采用對(duì)數(shù)放大器。

  限幅放大器是抗接收機(jī)飽和的手段,而用對(duì)數(shù)放大器就損失了信號(hào)的相位信息,所以在許多應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合不會(huì)用對(duì)數(shù)放大,畢竟這是一種非線性處理。

  目前真正的系統(tǒng)動(dòng)態(tài)范圍的瓶頸應(yīng)該是在AD的輸入端,動(dòng)態(tài)范圍受ad有效量化位數(shù)的制約,有效量化位數(shù)N對(duì)動(dòng)態(tài)范圍的限制大概是6N(目前能達(dá)到70幾個(gè)dB)。

  所以在ad有效量化位數(shù)所提供的動(dòng)態(tài)范圍能達(dá)到指標(biāo)要求的情況下,就沒(méi)有必要采用對(duì)數(shù)放大的方法。反之,則要使用對(duì)數(shù)放大器來(lái)提高動(dòng)態(tài)范圍。

  限幅器,不是限幅放大器,主要用來(lái)抗燒毀的.對(duì)數(shù)放大器多是用幾級(jí)限幅器級(jí)聯(lián)檢波得到的,瞬時(shí)動(dòng)態(tài)范圍很大,恢復(fù)時(shí)間快.

  上述就是國(guó)創(chuàng)講解的限幅放大器與對(duì)數(shù)放大器的區(qū)別,希望看完能夠?qū)δ兴鶐椭?,如果您想要了解更多關(guān)于限幅放大器的相關(guān)信息的話,歡迎在線咨詢我們國(guó)創(chuàng)客服或是撥打服務(wù)熱線029-85251919進(jìn)行咨詢,我們將竭誠(chéng)為您提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)!
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